3.1 Word Classes

- Common nouns (fellesnavn): dog, school, city, happiness
- Proper nouns (egennavn): Norway, Sarah, Monday, Christmas (alltid stor bokstav!)
- Countable nouns (tellbare): one book, two books
- Uncountable nouns (utellbare): water, information, music, homework

Tips: Utellbare substantiv brukes ALDRI med a/an og har IKKE flertallsform:
- "I need some information." (ikke: an information / informations)

- Action verbs (handlingsverb): run, eat, write, play
- State verbs (tilstandsverb): be, have, know, like, want
- Auxiliary verbs (hjelpeverb): be, have, do, can, will, should

Viktig: State verbs brukes vanligvis IKKE i continuous-form:
- "I know the answer." (ikke: I am knowing)
- "She likes chocolate." (ikke: She is liking)

Sideordnende (coordinating): and, but, or, so, yet
- "I like tea and coffee."
- "She was tired but she kept going."

Underordnende (subordinating): because, although, when, if, while, before, after
- "I stayed home because I was sick."
- "Although it rained, we had fun."

Stedspreposisjoner:
- in (i): in the box, in London, in the classroom
- on (på): on the table, on the wall, on the bus
- at (ved/hos): at school, at the bus stop, at home
- under (under): under the bed, under the bridge
- behind (bak): behind the house
- between (mellom): between the two buildings
- next to/beside (ved siden av): next to the library

Tidspreposisjoner:
- in (i): in January, in 2024, in the morning, in summer
- on (på): on Monday, on 17th May, on Christmas Day
- at (klokken/ved): at 3 o'clock, at night, at the weekend

Vanlig feil for nordmenn:
- "I am at school." (ikke: on school)
- "I arrived on Monday." (ikke: in Monday)
- "I wake up at 7 o'clock." (ikke: on 7 o'clock)
- "She was born in 1998." (ikke: on 1998)

Ubestemt artikkel: a / an
- a foran konsonantlyd: a book, a university (u-lyden er en konsonantlyd!)
- an foran vokallyd: an apple, an hour (h er stum!)
- Brukes om noe generelt eller noe vi nevner for første gang: "I saw a dog in the park."

Bestemt artikkel: the
- Brukes om noe spesifikt eller noe vi allerede har nevnt: "I saw a dog. The dog was brown."
- Brukes med superlativ: "She is the best student."

Ingen artikkel:
- Generelle utsagn med flertall: "Dogs are friendly animals." (ikke: The dogs)
- Utellbare substantiv generelt: "Music makes me happy." (ikke: The music)
- Faste uttrykk: at school, at home, at work, in bed

Vanlig feil for nordmenn:
- Norsk har ikke ubestemt artikkel på samme måte: "He is a teacher." (ikke: He is teacher.)
- Norsk har bestemt form som ending (-en/-et): "the book" = "boken"